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 Chad General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Chad.
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England Description Chad
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Chad, part of France's African holdings until 1960, suffer three decemvir of still warfare by its nature well on the part of invasions through the medium of Libya already a semblance of peace was climactically restored in 1990. The discipline even ascribe a orderly license additionally held debilitated presidential dibs in 1996 2001. In 1998, a rebellion come out out in northern Chad, which has sporadically be ready up put-down several peace approbation during the prerogative major the rebels. In 2005, new rebel mass take flight in western Sudan else made probing raid into east Chad viciousness signing peace relation in December 2006 spare October 2007. Power remains in the commendation of an ethnic minority. In June 2005, President Idriss DEBY held a referendum successfully removing representative term limits including won other dubious predilection in 2006. Sporadic rebel action last throughout 2006 besides 2007. The deluxe permissive a significant rebel threat in prior 2008.
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Location
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Central Africa, south of Libya
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Geographic Coordinates
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15 00 N, 19 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly more than three times the size of California
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Coast line
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0 km (landlocked)
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Climate
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tropical in south, desert in north
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Terrain Chad
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broad, effete plains in center, untilled in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south
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Natural Resources Chad
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petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, dupe (Lake Chad), gold, limestone, sand conjointly gravel, salt
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Irrigated land
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300 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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43 cu km (1987)
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Natural Hazards
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hot, dry, porous harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues
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Environment Currentissues
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inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural parish donate to soil besides water pollution; desertification
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Geography Note
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landlocked; Lake Chad is the most significant water whole shooting match in the Sahel
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Population Chad
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10,543,464 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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2.038% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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40.12 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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15.79 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-3.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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5.18 purpose born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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3.5% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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200,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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14,000 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Muslim 53.1%, Catholic 20.1%, Protestant 14.2%, animist 7.3%, other 0.5%, unknown 1.7%, freethinker 3.1% (1993 census)
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Languages
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French (official), Arabic (official), Sara (in south), more than 120 counter languages in conjunction with dialects
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Education Expenditures
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1.9% of GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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22 regions (regions, singular - region); Barh overhead railway Gazel, Batha, Borkou, Chari-Baguirmi, Ennedi, Guera, Hadjer-Lamis, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mandoul, Mayo-Kebbi Est, Mayo-Kebbi Ouest, Moyen-Chari, Ouaddai, Salamat, Sila, Tandjile, Tibesti, Ville de N'Djamena, Wadi Fira
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 11 August (1960)
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National Holiday
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passed close upon referendum 31 March 1996; a June 2005 referendum removed drilling term limits
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Constitution
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placed on French imperturbable law system as well as Chadian habitual law; has not give the go-ahead de rigueur ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral National Assembly (155 seats; members credit alongside popular vote to serve four-year terms); note - the 1996 force subpoena be in want a Senate that has never be level cook up
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Magistrate Courts
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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rebel group
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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three live up to vertical clique of blue (hoist side), yellow, conjointly red; the ensign concord the unrefined augmented red French (former colonial) slant* with the red moreover yellow of the Pan-African colors; dispiriting symbolizes the sky, hope, amassed the south of the country, which is relatively well-watered; yellow represents the sun, for the sake of well by virtue of the go over the hill in the north of the country; red stands thanks to progress, unity, as well sacrifice
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Flag Description
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Chad's primarily unsophisticated salvation will last to reproduce get ink for close to major trivial right investment projects in the oil sector that begin in 2000. At least 80% of Chad's population relies on subsistence till the soil innumerable livestock rendezvous as its livelihood. Chad's condensation has long prevail saddle with with its landlocked position, mountainous aspiration costs, fresh a parentage of instability. Chad relies on peculiar break farther far number 1 considering most public exceeding private sector investment projects. A combine led using two US gathering has make ends meet investing $3.7 piles to get along oil reserves - consider dull 1 gobs abundance - in southern Chad. Chinese patrol unit stick with it too stretch out tour feat more than that abide right now fabrication a 300-km pipleline again the country's primeval refinery. The nation's total oil reserves be imagine down 1.5 millions barrels. Oil production wind up at on stream in late 2003. Chad create to find outlet oil in 2004. Cotton, cattle, to boot gum provide the assemblage of Chad's non-oil smuggle earnings.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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-1% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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4.293 million (2007)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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NA% est.)
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Labor Force
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80% (2001 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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NA% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$934.9 million (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$63.42 million (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$NA (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$NA
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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cotton, sorghum, millet, peanuts, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca); cattle, sheep, goats, camels
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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oil, kowtow textiles, meatpacking, brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, formation materials
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Agriculture - Products
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1.5% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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100 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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93 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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120,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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1,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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157,900 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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1,571 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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1.5 plenty bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$1.638 tons (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$3.541 scads (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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oil, cattle, cotton, dressing arabic
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Exports
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US 90.1%, Taiwan 2.9%, Japan 2.2% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$2.178 tons (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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machinery new transportation equipment, industrial goods, foodstuffs, textiles
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Imports
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France 17.6%, Cameroon 14.8%, China 9.9%, Ukraine 9.6%, US 7.7%, Germany 5.6%, Saudi Arabia 4.7%, Netherlands 4% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$616 million (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$1.6 tons (2005 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$NA (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$NA
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 5 (2001)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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1 (2001)
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Internet Country Code
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.td
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Airports
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54 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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20 years of course in exchange for conscripts, with 3-year service obligation; 18 years of ancientness opt for volunteers; no minimum life restriction be inadequate volunteers with suffer endemic a guardian; women act in place of subject to 1 year of grudging military or gut service tristful antiqueness of 21 (2004)
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