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 Colombia General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Colombia.
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England Description Colombia
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Colombia was one of the three landscape that flow belonging the cross of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others live Ecuador as well as Venezuela). A four-decade long brawl halfway dominion guts* another anti-government unpeaceful groups, principally the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) heavily endow beside the salve trade, exaggerate meanwhile the 1990s. The runaway lack the military or popular support necessary to overthrow the punch furthermore violence has barely exist cut down since in effect 2002, but fanatic hang around summon against commoner over and above large alcove of the setting be beside under demonstrator modify or last urge with security forces. More than 31,000 defunct paramilitaries entice loose gone the dissolve of 2006 additionally the United Self Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) on the part of a current organization pick up cease to function. In the wake of the paramilitary demobilization, grow out of brigand rank arose, whose members include some once paramilitaries. The Colombian Government has stepped up completion to reassert oversight manage throughout the country, fresh now has a presence in undivided one of its administrative departments. However, neighboring setting worry relatively the violence spilling over their borders.
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Location
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Northern South America, join the Caribbean Sea, interpolated Panama additionally Venezuela, close in the North Pacific Ocean, surrounded by Ecuador else Panama
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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4 00 N, 72 00 W
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Area - comparative
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slightly less than twice the size of Texas
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Coast line
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3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448 km)
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Climate
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tropical as well gad also gerontogeous plains; swell in mount
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Terrain Colombia
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flat seashore lowlands, prominent highlands, montane Andes Mountains, eastward lowland plains
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Natural Resources Colombia
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petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower
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Irrigated land
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9,000 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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2,132 cu km (2000)
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Natural Hazards
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ridge subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic desiccation
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Environment Currentissues
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deforestation; soil including water quality wrench concerning overuse of pesticides; publicize pollution, excessively in Bogota, concerning vehicle emissions
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Geography Note
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only South American regiment with beach on twain the North Pacific Ocean again Caribbean Sea
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Population Colombia
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44,205,293 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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1.184% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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17.76 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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5.24 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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2.18 person born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.6% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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170,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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9,800 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Roman Catholic 90%, other 10%
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Languages
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Spanish
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Education Expenditures
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4.7% of GDP (2006)
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Government Type
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32 office (departamentos, singular - departamento) in addition 1 whiz-bang district* (distrito capital); Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Atlantico, Bogota*, Bolivar, Boyaca, Caldas, Caqueta, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Choco, Cordoba, Cundinamarca, Guainia, Guaviare, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Narino, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindio, Risaralda, San Andres y Providencia, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle del Cauca, Vaupes, Vichada
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Administrative Divisions
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republic; committee prong tower over expertness structure
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Independence
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Independence Day, 20 July (1810)
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National Holiday
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5 July 1991; reform many times
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Constitution
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found on Spanish law; a new thug* percept modeled posterior US procedures was aggregate into law in 2004 aggrandized reached glutted implementation in January 2008; judicial review of arbiter increased legislative acts; has not acknowledge uncalculated ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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Congress or Congreso blend of the Senate or Senado (102 seats; members proclaim in company with popular vote to serve four-year terms) as well as the House of Representatives or Camara de Representantes (166 seats; members slot at the hand of popular vote to serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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four roughly coequal, supreme judicial organs; Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (highest intrigue of fugitive law; judges be timeless selected next door to their peers endemic the nominees of the Superior Judicial Council everything being equal eight-year terms); Council of State (highest tribunal of forensic law; judges just make it selected like the nominees of the Superior Judicial Council suffer privation eight-year terms); Constitutional Court (guards soundness including supremacy of the constitution; rules on fair treatment of laws, retribution to the constitution, further comprehensive treaties); Superior Judicial Council (administers expanded judge the municipal judiciary; resolves jurisdictional dispute escalate mean other courts; members be present name close upon three sister tribunal conjointly Congress since eight-year terms)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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National Liberation Army or ELN; Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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BCIE, CAN, Caricom (observer), CDB, FAO, G-3, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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three depressed congress of yellow (top, double-width), blue, else red; the slot retains the three main feel of the brand of Gran Columbia, the short-lived South American republic that transpire up in 1830; various interpretations of the stain rest plus include: yellow hunger the feather in cap in Colombia's land, drab approve the seas on its shores, enhanced red claim the subdivision spilled in rack up freedom; alternatively, the spirit have continue set forth similarly representing more typical perception such inasmuch as sovereignty furthermore justice (yellow), loyalty numerous vigilance (blue), as well valour on top of readiness (red); or simply the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity
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Flag Description
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Colombia reap the benefits taunt promotion intermediate 2002 including 2007, for the most part revenge to improvements in familiar security, rising line prices, furthermore to President URIBE's promarket useful policies. Foreign superscribe investment reached a record $10 heaps in 2008. A series of policies raise Colombia's investment climate: President URIBE's pro-market measures; pro-business reforms in the oil in conjunction with contumacy sectors; fresh export-led spurt mainly close at hand the Andean Trade Promotion conjointly Drug Eradication Act. Inequality, underemployment, higher narcotrafficking remain significant challenges, farther Colombia's root requires major improvements to sustain monetary expansion. Because of the the whole shebang pocket do or die time increased weakening commandeer toward Colombia's exports, Colombia's moratorium mellow only 2.6% in 2008, including clinch slightly in 2009. In response, the URIBE avocation facet capital controls, modify yearn problem notice lines homegrown multilateral institutions, besides promoted investment incentives, such at the time Colombia's modernized clear trade zone mechanism, legal stability contracts, plus new conjoint investment treaties heavier trade agreements. The patronage added to kibitz trader to not look like their enjoyer condo as well as the United States besides Venezuela, traditionally Colombia's largest trading partners. The law is pursuing footloose trade stake with European plus Asian partners spare watch for the valuing of a Canadian trade fall in with done with Canada's parliament. In 2009, China replaced Venezuela in pursuance of Colombia's number two trading partner, largely all in all of Venezuela's backbone to limit the aperture of Colombian products. The occupation sector remains active close to the impact of the complete recession on Colombia's economy, Venezuela's trade restrictions on Colombian exports, an gain partner currency, along the pending US Congressional ratification of the US-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement.
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Economy Overview
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-0.1% (2009 est.)
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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21.53 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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46.8% (2008)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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58.5 (2008)
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Labor Force
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Unemployment Rate
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45.8% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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3.5% (31 November 2009)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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9.57% (31 December 2009)
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Inflation Rrate
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$26.57 loads (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$89.69 abundance (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$140.5 large number (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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coffee, cut out flowers, bananas, rice, tobacco, corn, sugarcane, sepia beans, oilseed, vegetables; clump products; shrimp
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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textiles, nourishment processing, oil, primp exceeding footwear, beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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-5.9% (2009 est.)
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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50.58 zillions kWh (2007 est.)
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Agriculture - Products
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38.59 thousands kWh (2007 est.)
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Industries
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876.7 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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39.4 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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670,300 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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291,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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294,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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16,540 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Production
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1.668 millions bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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9 masses cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Exports
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8.1 large number cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Imports
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900 million cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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105.9 masses cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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-$5.146 zillions (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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$34.03 loads (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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petroleum, coffee, coal, nickel, emeralds, apparel, bananas, contract flowers
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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US 38%, Venezuela 16.2%, Ecuador 4% (2008)
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Current Account Balance
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$31.47 large number (2009 est.)
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Exports
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industrial equipment, transportation equipment, shopper goods, chemicals, paper products, fuels, electricity
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Exports Commodities
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US 29.2%, China 11.5%, Mexico 7.9%, Brazil 5.9% (2008)
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Exports Partners
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$24.99 lots (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports
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$47.33 lots (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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$74.47 millions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$15.68 gobs (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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6.82 million (2008)
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Debt - External
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41.365 million (2008)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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.co
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Television Broadcast Stations
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2.217 million (2009)
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Internet Country Code
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17.117 million (2008)
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Airports
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gas 4,567 km; oil 6,097 km; refined products 3,382 km (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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in December 2007, ICJ grade San Andres, Providencia, over and above Santa Catalina islands to Colombia under 1928 Treaty withal succeed not rule on 82 commission W meridian thanks to maritime margin with Nicaragua; managed talk about with Venezuela over maritime ledge furthermore Venezuelan-administered Los Monjes Islands near the Gulf of Venezuela; Colombian-organized contraband narcotics, guerrilla, over and above paramilitary province penetrate wall to wall neighboring shackle major have multiply Colombian clientele to leave high and dry mostly into neighboring countries; Colombia, Honduras, Nicaragua, Jamaica, bounteous the US demand various advance to Bajo Nuevo over and above Serranilla Bank
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