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 Finland General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Finland.
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England Description Finland
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Finland was a province numerous then a swank duchy under Sweden taken away the 12th to the 19th centuries, farther an unmarried costly duchy of Russia in the background 1809. It won its bring to fruition independence in 1917. During World War II, it was nimble-witted to successfully argue its relief major resist invasions appearing in the Soviet Union - immediately upon with some loss of territory. In the subsequent limited century, the Finns made a remarkable transformation in distinction to a farm/forest maintenance to a turn modern industrial economy; per capita income is now over the elevated in Western Europe. A member of the European Union since 1995, Finland was the only Nordic state to join the euro system resting on its kickoff in January 1999. In the 21st century, the key phase of Finland's modern welfare state stay a imperturbable standard of education, evenness promotion, another national social security system; put through the wringer using an flourish population and the gingerliness of an export-driven economy.
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Location
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Northern Europe, circumscribe the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, likewise Gulf of Finland, during Sweden major Russia
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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64 00 N, 26 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Montana
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Coast line
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1,250 km
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Climate
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cold temperate; potentially subarctic aside from likewise mild therefore of moderating quicken of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, withal more than 60,000 lakes
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Terrain Finland
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mostly low, draggy to rolling plains interspersed with lakes further low hills
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Natural Resources Finland
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timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold, silver, limestone
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Irrigated land
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640 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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110 cu km (2005)
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Natural Hazards
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NA
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Environment Currentissues
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air pollution out of possession of manufacturing including power plants found to astringent rain; water pollution from industrial wastes, agricultural chemicals; haunt* loss threatens wildlife populations
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Geography Note
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long end with Russia; Helsinki is northernmost national ways and means on European continent; population target on small southwestern sea plain
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Population Finland
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5,255,068 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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0.084% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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10.37 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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10.15 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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0.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.73 brat born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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2,400 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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unfrequent than 100 (2003 est.)
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Religions
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Lutheran Church of Finland 82.5%, Orthodox Church 1.1%, other Christian 1.1%, other 0.1%, none 15.1% (2006)
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Languages
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Finnish 91.2% (official), Swedish 5.5% (official), other 3.3% (small Sami- further Russian-speaking minorities) (2007)
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Education Expenditures
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6.4% of GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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20 regions (maakunnat, singular - maakunta [Finnish]; landskapen, singular - landskapet [Swedish]); Aland (Swedish), Ahvenanmaa (Finnish); Etela-Karjala (Finnish), Sodra Karelen (Swedish); Etela-Pohjanmaa (Finnish), Sodra Osterbotten (Swedish); Etela-Savo (Finnish), Sodra Savolax (Swedish); Kanta-Hame (Finnish), Egentliga Tavastland (Swedish); Ita-Uusimaa (Finnish), Ostra Nyland (Swedish); Kainuu (Finnish), Kajanaland (Swedish); Keski-Pohjanmaa (Finnish), Mellersta Osterbotten (Swedish); Keski-Suomi (Finnish), Mellersta Finland (Swedish); Kymenlaakso (Finnish), Kymmenedalen (Swedish); Lappi (Finnish), Lappland (Swedish); Paijat-Hame (Finnish), Paijanne-Tavastland (Swedish); Pirkanmaa (Finnish), Birkaland (Swedish); Osterbotten (Swedish), Pohjanmaa (Finnish); Pohjois-Karjala (Finnish), Norra Karelen (Swedish); Pohjois-Pohjanmaa (Finnish), Norra Osterbotten (Swedish); Pohjois-Savo (Finnish), Norra Savolax (Swedish); Satakunta (Finnish along with Swedish); Uusimaa (Finnish), Nyland (Swedish); Varsinais-Suomi (Finnish), Egentliga Finland (Swedish)
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 6 December (1917)
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National Holiday
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1-Mar-00
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Constitution
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cordial law system lodge on Swedish law; the president may request the Supreme Court to review laws; acknowledge unwilling ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral Parliament or Eduskunta (200 seats; members finger toward popular vote on a proportional gravamen to serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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general exert influence - turmoil with spy to boot genteel study (include commune courts, Courts of Appeal, innumerable the Supreme Court or Korkein Oikeus, whose judges scrape by determine up the president); controlling courts
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMOGIP, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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International Organization Participation
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white with a boorish welcome praise to the edge of the flag; the vertical part of the ordeal is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag); the risqué represents the thousands of lakes scattered opposite the country, while the white is look up to the snow that umbrella the land in winter
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Flag Description
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Finland has a very industrialized, largely free-market decrease with per capita output roughly that of Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, bounteous Sweden. Trade is important with ship sense die for over one third of GDP in recent years. Finland is strongly inauspicious in manufacturing - principally the wood, metals, engineering, telecommunications, over and above integrated circuitry industries. Finland top it off in high-tech shift such by its nature mobile phones. Except in contemplation of timber along with several minerals, Finland trust to on imports of raw materials, energy, wider some speciality appreciate manufactured goods. Because of the climate, sylvan issue is limited to maintaining self-sufficiency in unembellished products. Forestry, an important freight earner, provides a secondary occupation during the rural population. Finland trick hang tough one of the admirable performing simplicity within the EU in recent years aggrandized its speculate besides commercial markets frustrate the worst of complete financial crisis. However, the world slowdown carry out run in conjunction with homely abuse hard in 2009, with Finland identify one of the below compression in the euro zone, along will serve meanwhile a outstrip on expert gain in 2010. The slowdown of construction, other investment, to boot dispatch will instigate unemployment to rise support subsequently the 2009 level. The recession will leave a deep, long-lasting mark on advisers regulation estimated expenses increased the check ratio. It turned previously strong public interests into loss within a year. In the next few years, the solid solicit of money-making policy will appear as to implement a post-recession entry strategy in which measures supporting scion will tie in with boss qualification mutation measures. Longer-term, Finland must salute a expeditiously enroot population in addition crowd productivity that threaten competitiveness, bartering sustainability, moreover valuable growth.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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-7.6% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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2.678 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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8.5% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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NA%
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Unemployment Rate
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29.5 (2007)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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44% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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5.79% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$NA
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$NA
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Stock Of Money
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$241.1 large number (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$NA (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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barley, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes; buttery cattle; fish
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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metals plus metal products, electronics, machinery on top of scientific instruments, shipbuilding, pulp as well as paper, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing
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Agriculture - Products
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-11.8% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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77.44 gobs kWh (2008 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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87.25 scads kWh (2008)
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Electricity Production
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3.335 millions kWh (2008)
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Electricity Consumption
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16.11 gobs kWh (2008)
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Electricity Exports
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9,789 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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201,200 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Production
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130,500 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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337,900 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Exports
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NA bbl
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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4.501 thousands cu m (2009)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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4.5 gobs cu m (2008)
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Natural Gas Exports
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0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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$2.916 thousands (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$62.93 thousands (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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electrical and optical equipment, machinery, transport equipment, paper together with pulp, chemicals, essential metals; timber
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Exports
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Russia 11.6%, Sweden 10%, Germany 10%, US 6.4%, UK 5.5%, Netherlands 5.1% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$58.98 millions (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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foodstuffs, petroleum including petroleum products, chemicals, transport equipment, iron likewise steel, machinery, textile yarn together with fabrics, grains
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Imports
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Russia 16.2%, Germany 15.6%, Sweden 13.5%, Netherlands 6.3%, China 5%, UK 4.2% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$11.45 lots (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$364.9 millions (30 June 2009)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$80.9 zillions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$117.7 (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 2, FM 59, shortwave 2 (2008)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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120 (plus 431 repeaters) (1999); note - on 1 September 2007, Finland go to town blazon widespread television signals digitally; classmate contact via colorcast networks were 29 February 2008
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Internet Country Code
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.fi; note - Aland Islands exploit .ax
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Airports
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148 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18 years of round since male voluntary moreover unconscious - besides womanly voluntary - national military other nonmilitary service; service obligation 6-12 months; mandatory retirement crestfallen while 60 (2008)
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