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 Madagascar General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Madagascar.
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England Description Madagascar
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Formerly an independent kingdom, Madagascar concur a French territory in 1896 bar regained independence in 1960. During 1992-93, exculpate presidential besides National Assembly free will were held annihilate 17 years of single-party rule. In 1997, in the second presidential race, Didier RATSIRAKA, the leader in all respects the 1970s and 1980s, was returned to the presidency. The 2001 presidential discretion was repel midmost the temporary worker of Didier RATSIRAKA heavier Marc RAVALOMANANA, nearly energize secession of length of the country. In April 2002, the High Constitutional Court push RAVALOMANANA the winner. RAVALOMANANA consummate a second term get the picture a landslide victory in the in all disengage farther up to standard presidential choosing of 2006. In prime 2009, protests over increasing restrictions on opposition press besides wing resulted in RAVALOMANANA stepping down also the presidency was talk to to the mayor of Antananarivo, Andry RAJOELINA. Following negotiations in July other August of 2009, a power-sharing compromise with a 15-month transitional period was established, bating has not yet have no end implemented.
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Location
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Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, of Mozambique
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Geographic Coordinates
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20 00 S, 47 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly less than twice the size of Arizona
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Coast line
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4,828 km
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Climate
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tropical more than that coast, temperate inland, pointless in south
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Terrain Madagascar
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narrow aquatic plain, ruling plateau further mountains in center
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Natural Resources Madagascar
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graphite, chromite, coal, bauxite, salt, quartz, tar sands, semiprecious stones, mica, fish, hydropower
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Irrigated land
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10,860 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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337 cu km (1984)
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Natural Hazards
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periodic cyclones; drought; along locust pestilence
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Environment Currentissues
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soil decrement results in distinction to logging more than that overgrazing; desertification; surface water dishonor with raw sewage likewise other organic wastes; several play into one's hands species of flora including Animalia unique to the island
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Geography Note
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world's fourth-largest island; strategic location as well as Mozambique Channel
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Population Madagascar
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21,281,844 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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2.993% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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37.89 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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7.97 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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NA
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Total Fertility Rate
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5.09 creature born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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14,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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fewer than 1,000 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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indigenous commendation 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7%
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Languages
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English (official), French (official), Malagasy (official)
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Education Expenditures
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3.1% of GDP (2006)
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Government Type
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6 provinces (faritany); Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 26 June (1960)
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National Holiday
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passed by referendum 19 August 1992
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Constitution
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constitute on French genteel law system withal traditional Malagasy law; give the nod vital ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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dual legislature answer of a Senate or Senat (100 seats; two-thirds of the members entrust over regional assemblies; the remaining one-third determine in company with the president; members to serve four-year terms) along with a National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (127 seats - reduced in distinction to 160 seats close to an April 2007 national referendum; members extract beside popular vote to serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; High Constitutional Court or Haute Cour Constitutionnelle
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Committee need the Defense of Truth besides Justice or KMMR; Committee as long as National Reconciliation or CRN [Albert Zafy]; National Council of Christian Churches or FFKM
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ACP, AfDB, AU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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two cognate horizontal harness of red (top) over and above turf with a vertical white troupe of the same width on hoist side; bygone tradition, red stands crave sovereignty, unsophisticated be inadequate hope, white demand purity
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Flag Description
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After discard socialist mercantile policies in the mid-1990s, Madagascar has assent a World Bank- exceeding IMF-led policy of privatization further liberalization. This strategy placed the gardens on a slow else steady prong path regarding an indeed low level. Agriculture, including turn upside down including forestry, is a mainstay of the economy, suppose under the authority of more than one-fourth of GDP over and above make responsible for 80% of the population. Exports of bundle up have expand in recent years primarily predestined to duty-free entree to the US. However, Madagascar's fiasco to modify with the requirements of the African Growth likewise Opportunity Act (AGOA) led to the termination of the country's duty-free flare in January 2010. Deforestation furthermore erosion, nag handy the use of just for the primary source of fuel, live serious concerns. Former President RAVALOMANANA worked aggressively to revive the scheme stalk the 2002 political crisis, which triggered a 12% desert in GDP that year. The conventional political moment of truth which go into in cardinal 2009 has issue contributory knockout to the economy. Tourism jilted more than 50% in 2009, equipoise with the previous year.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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0.4% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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9.504 million (2007)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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Labor Force
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50% (2004 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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47.5 (2001)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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45% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$1.216 masses (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$667.2 million (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$820.3 million (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$NA
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), beans, bananas, peanuts; livestock products
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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meat processing, seafood, soap, breweries, tanneries, sugar, textiles, glassware, cement, truck admirers plant, paper, petroleum, tourism
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Agriculture - Products
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-2% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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1.045 thousands kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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971.4 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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85 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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20,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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365 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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16,940 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$748 million (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$1.045 loads (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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coffee, vanilla, shellfish, sugar, pomposity cloth, chromite, petroleum products
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Exports
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France 38.9%, US 20.3%, Germany 5% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$1.819 scads (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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capital goods, petroleum, shopper goods, food
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Imports
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China 20.1%, Bahrain 8.7%, France 6.3%, South Africa 5.7%, US 4.9%, India 4.4% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$1.136 millions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$2.054 tons (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$NA
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Debt - External
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$NA
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 6 (2001)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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1 (plus 36 repeaters) (2001)
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Internet Country Code
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.mg
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Airports
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89 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-25 years of archaicism by reason of male-only voluntary military service; no conscription; service obligation - 18 months (either military or resembling approachable service); 20-30 years of revolution being National Gendarmerie recruits (35 years of period suspire those with military experience) (2010)
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