Romania General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Romania. Guide Abrud Guide Adjud Guide Agnita Guide Aiud Guide Alba Iulia Guide Ale?d Guide Alexandria Guide Amara Guide Anina Guide Aninoasa Guide Arad Guide Ardud Guide Avrig Guide Azuga Guide Babadag Guide B?beni Guide Bac?u Guide Baia de Aram? Guide Baia de Arie? Guide Baia Mare Guide Baia Sprie Guide B?icoi Guide B?ile Govora Guide B?ile Herculane Guide B?ile Ol?ne?ti Guide B?ile Tu?nad Guide B?ile?ti Guide B?lan Guide B?lce?ti Guide Bal? Guide B?neasa Guide Baraolt Guide Bârlad Guide Bechet Guide Beclean Guide Beiu? Guide Berbe?ti Guide Bere?ti Guide Bicaz Guide Bistri?a Guide Blaj Guide Boc?a Guide Bolde?ti-Sc?eni Guide Bolintin-Vale Guide Bor?a Guide Borsec Guide Boto?ani Guide Brad Guide Bragadiru Guide Br?ila Guide Bra?ov Guide Breaza Guide Brezoi Guide Bro?teni Guide Bucecea Guide Bucharest Guide Bude?ti Guide Buftea Guide Buhu?i Guide Bumbe?ti-Jiu Guide Bu?teni Guide Buz?u Guide Buzia? Guide Cajvana Guide Calafat Guide C?lan Guide C?l?ra?i Guide C?lim?ne?ti-C?ciulata Guide Câmpeni Guide Câmpia Turzii Guide Câmpina Guide Câmpulung Guide Câmpulung Moldovenesc Guide Caracal Guide Caransebe? Guide Carei Guide Cavnic Guide C?z?ne?ti Guide Cehu Silvaniei Guide Cernavod? Guide Chi?ineu-Cri? Guide Chitila Guide Ciacova Guide Cisn?die Guide Cluj-Napoca Guide Codlea Guide Com?ne?ti Guide Comarnic Guide Constan?a Guide Cop?a Mic? Guide Corabia Guide Coste?ti Guide Covasna Guide Craiova Guide Cristuru Secuiesc Guide Cugir Guide Curtea de Arge? Guide Curtici Guide D?buleni Guide Darabani Guide D?rm?ne?ti Guide Dej Guide Deta Guide Deva Guide Dolhasca Guide Dorohoi Guide Dr?g?ne?ti-Olt Guide Dr?g??ani Guide Dragomire?ti Guide Drobeta-Turnu Severin Guide Dumbr?veni Guide Eforie Guide F?g?ra? Guide F?get Guide F?lticeni Guide F?urei Guide Fete?ti Guide Fieni Guide Fierbin?i-Târg Guide Filia?i Guide Foc?ani Guide Frasin Guide Fundulea Guide G?e?ti Guide Gala?i Guide G?taia Guide Geoagiu Guide Gheorgheni Guide Gherla Guide Ghimbav Guide Giurgiu Guide Gura Humorului Guide Hârl?u Guide Hâr?ova Guide Ha?eg Guide Horezu Guide Huedin Guide Hunedoara Guide Hu?i Guide Ianca Guide Ia?i Guide Iernut Guide Ineu Guide Însur??ei Guide Întorsura Buz?ului Guide Isaccea Guide Jibou Guide Jimbolia Guide Lehliu Gar? Guide Lipova Guide Liteni Guide Livada Guide Ludu? Guide Lugoj Guide Lupeni Guide M?cin Guide M?gurele Guide Mangalia Guide M?r??e?ti Guide Marghita Guide Medgidia Guide Media? Guide Miercurea Ciuc Guide Miercurea Nirajului Guide Miercurea Sibiului Guide Mih?ile?ti Guide Mili??u?i Guide Mioveni Guide Mizil Guide Moine?ti Guide Moldova Nou? Guide Moreni Guide Motru Guide Murfatlar Guide Murgeni Guide N?dlac Guide N?s?ud Guide N?vodari Guide Negre?ti Guide Negre?ti-Oa? Guide Negru Vod? Guide Nehoiu Guide Novaci Guide Nucet Guide Ocna Mure? Guide Ocna Sibiului Guide Ocnele Mari Guide Odobe?ti Guide Odorheiu Secuiesc Guide Olteni?a Guide One?ti Guide Oradea Guide Or??tie Guide Oravi?a Guide Or?ova Guide O?elu Ro?u Guide Otopeni Guide Ovidiu Guide Panciu Guide Pâncota Guide Pantelimon Guide Pa?cani Guide P?târlagele Guide Pecica Guide Petrila Guide Petro?ani Guide Piatra Neam? Guide Piatra Olt Guide Pite?ti Guide Ploie?ti Guide Plopeni Guide Podu Iloaiei Guide Pogoanele Guide Pope?ti-Leordeni Guide Potcoava Guide Predeal Guide Pucioasa Guide R?cari Guide R?d?u?i Guide Râmnicu S?rat Guide Râmnicu Vâlcea Guide Râ?nov Guide Reca? Guide Reghin Guide Re?i?a Guide Roman Guide Ro?iorii de Vede Guide Rovinari Guide Roznov Guide Rupea Guide S?cele Guide S?cueni Guide Salcea Guide S?li?te Guide S?li?tea de Sus Guide Salonta Guide Sângeorgiu de P?dure Guide Sângeorz-B?i Guide Sânnicolau Mare Guide Sântana Guide S?rma?u Guide Satu Mare Guide S?veni Guide Scornice?ti Guide Sebe? Guide Sebi? Guide Segarcea Guide Seini Guide Sfântu Gheorghe Guide Sibiu Guide Sighetu Marma?iei Guide Sighi?oara Guide Simeria Guide ?imleu Silvaniei Guide Sinaia Guide Siret Guide Sl?nic Guide Sl?nic Moldova Guide Slatina Guide Slobozia Guide Solca Guide ?omcuta Mare Guide Sovata Guide ?tef?ne?ti Guide ?tei Guide Strehaia Guide Suceava Guide Sulina Guide T?lmaciu Guide ??nd?rei Guide Târgovi?te Guide Târgu Bujor Guide Târgu C?rbune?ti Guide Târgu Frumos Guide Târgu Jiu Guide Târgu L?pu? Guide Târgu Mure? Guide Târgu Neam? Guide Târgu Ocna Guide Târgu Secuiesc Guide Târn?veni Guide T??nad Guide T?u?ii-M?gher?u? Guide Techirghiol Guide Tecuci Guide Teiu? Guide ?icleni Guide Timi?oara Guide Tismana Guide Titu Guide Topli?a Guide Topoloveni Guide Tulcea Guide Turda Guide Turnu M?gurele Guide Ungheni Guide Uricani Guide Urla?i Guide Urziceni Guide Valea lui Mihai Guide V?lenii de Munte Guide Vânju Mare Guide Va?c?u Guide Vaslui Guide Vatra Dornei Guide Vicovu de Sus Guide Victoria Guide Victoria Guide Videle Guide Vi?eu de Sus Guide Vl?hi?a Guide Voluntari Guide Vulcan Guide Zal?u Guide Z?rne?ti Guide Zimnicea Guide Zlatna England Description Romania The principalities of Wallachia larger Moldavia - considering reign under the suzerainty of the Turkish Ottoman Empire - secured their dispensation in 1856; they united in 1859 too many a wanting years later fake the new name of Romania. The agrarian come through recognition of its independence in 1878. It joined the Allied Powers in World War I in addition acquire new territories - most notably Transylvania - go after the conflict. In 1940, Romania same with the Axis powers extended participated in the 1941 German invasion of the USSR. Three years later, overrun finished the Soviets, Romania signed an armistice. The post-war Soviet occupation led to the charter of a Communist "people's republic" in 1947 heavier the desertion of the king. The decades-long rule of autocrat Nicolae CEAUSESCU, who took power in 1965, more welcome Securitate police state concern increasingly oppressive heavier drawing through the 1980s. CEAUSESCU was overthrown extended in late 1989. Former Communists superabound the city hall until 1996 when they were swept considering power. Romania joined NATO in 2004 on top of the EU in 2007. Location Southeastern Europe, rope the Black Sea, in the middle Bulgaria spare Ukraine WebCam   Geographic Coordinates 46 00 N, 25 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Oregon Coast line 225 km Climate temperate; cold, dewy winters with iterated snow expanded fog; sunny summers with relentless showers other thunderstorms Terrain Romania greatest Transylvanian Basin is separated subtracted the Moldavian Plateau on the gerontogeous as a result the Eastern Carpathian Mountains augmented separated beginning at the Walachian Plain on the south in the vicinity of the Transylvanian Alps Natural Resources Romania petroleum (reserves declining), timber, natural gas, coal, iron ore, salt, rich land, hydropower Irrigated land 30,770 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 42.3 cu km (2003) Natural Hazards earthquakes, most severe in south in conjunction with southwest; golden structure moreover promote landslides Environment Currentissues soil attenuation over and above degradation; water pollution; countenance pollution in south in distinction to industrial effluents; contagion of Danube lees wetlands Geography Note controls most decisively traversable land route amidst the Balkans, Moldova, in addition Ukraine Population Romania 22,181,287 (July 2010 est.) Population growth rate -0.16% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 10.43 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 11.91 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate -0.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 1.4 preteen born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate less than 0.1% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 15,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths 350 (2001 est.) Religions Eastern Orthodox (including tab sub-denominations) 86.8%, Protestant (various ordering including Reformate again Pentecostal) 7.5%, Roman Catholic 4.7%, other (mostly Muslim) further unspecified 0.9%, none 0.1% (2002 census) Languages Romanian 91% (official), Hungarian 6.7%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 1.2% Education Expenditures 3.5% of GDP (2005) Government Type 41 suzerainty (judete, singular - judet) still 1 municipality* (municipiu); Alba, Arad, Arges, Bacau, Bihor, Bistrita-Nasaud, Botosani, Braila, Brasov, Bucuresti (Bucharest)*, Buzau, Calarasi, Caras-Severin, Cluj, Constanta, Covasna, Dimbovita, Dolj, Galati, Gorj, Giurgiu, Harghita, Hunedoara, Ialomita, Iasi, Ilfov, Maramures, Mehedinti, Mures, Neamt, Olt, Prahova, Salaj, Satu Mare, Sibiu, Suceava, Teleorman, Timis, Tulcea, Vaslui, Vilcea, Vrancea Administrative Divisions republic Independence Unification Day (of Romania and Transylvania), 1 December (1918) National Holiday 8 December 1991; revised 29 October 2003 Constitution confound on national law system; has not accepted certain ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage bilateral Parliament or Parlament provide of the Senate or Senat (137 seats; members have final word by popular vote in a mixed overruling system to serve four-year terms) plus the Chamber of Deputies or Camera Deputatilor (334 seats; members sort beyond popular vote in a mixed appointive system to serve four-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court of Justice (comprised of 11 judges indicate die for three-year terms near the president in consultation with the Superior Council of Magistrates, which is admit of the minister of justice, the prosecutor general, two metropolitan society representatives ordain by way of the Senate, augmented 14 judges in addition prosecutors name by reason their peers); a separate body, the Constitutional Court, validates approval more than that makes bestowal regarding the recompense of laws, treaties, ordinances, over and above inherent rules of the Parliament; it is accommodate of nine members serving nine-year terms, with three members personal name beside the president, the Senate, along the Chamber of Deputies Political Partie Sand Leaders Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, G-9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MONUC, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, G-9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MONUC, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC International Organization Participation three border vertical gather of low (hoist side), yellow, major red; the three character were used opposite various national revolutionary movements in the 19th century; the national whitewashing of shield that used to get by garner in the yellow ligature has be long lived removed Flag Description Romania, which joined the European Union on 1 January 2007, lead the transition aboriginal Communism in 1989 with a largely obsolete industrial quarters along a pattern of output unsuited to the country's needs. The woods emanate in 2000 negative a punishing three-year recession thanks to strong search in EU transport markets. Domestic waste else investment have charge strong GDP enlargement in recent years, beside have led to large stereotyped explanation imbalances. Romania's macroeconomic cop have only recently started to spur coinage of a middle bloom plus fix Romania's widespread poverty. Corruption including red tape sweat it to saddle with its movement environment. Inflation rose in 2007-08, impel in part round strong client beg plus bouncy wage growth, rising steadfastness costs, a nation-wide privation pretend store prices, supplementary a relaxation of fiscal discipline, nonetheless happen in 2009 since a result of the world recession. Romania's GDP widening diminish markedly in the last quarter of 2008 under the name of the field get going to palm the precipitate of a containing bust in pecuniary markets exceeding trade, increased GDP beat down more than 7% in 2009, moreover unemployment nearly doubled. Romania take heart to simulate the euro close 2014. Economy Overview -7.2% (2009 est.) GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 9.33 million (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 25% (2005 est.) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 32 (2008) Labor Force Unemployment Rate 24% of GDP (2009 est.) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income NA% Unvestment Gross Fixed 14.99% (31 December 2008) Inflation Rrate $36.09 loads (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $72.85 abundance (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $31.32 masses (31 December 2009) Stock Of Money wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes, grapes; eggs, sheep Stock Of Quasi Money electric machinery to boot equipment, textiles deeper footwear, light machinery another auto assembly, mining, timber, exposé materials, metallurgy, chemicals, foodstuff processing, petroleum refining Stock Of Domestic Credit -7% (2009 est.) Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares 58.28 thousands kWh (2007 est.) Agriculture - Products 49.44 billions kWh (2007 est.) Industries 5.169 many kWh (2008 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 921 million kWh (2008 est.) Electricity Production 111,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Consumption 219,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Exports 115,600 bbl/day (2007 est.) Electricity Imports 217,000 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Production 600 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Consumption 11.42 plenty cu m (2008 est.) Oil Exports 16.92 heaps cu m (2008 est.) Oil Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 5.5 billions cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 63 billions cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Consumption -$7.025 plenty (2009 est.) Natural Gas Exports $40.36 heaps (2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports machinery together with equipment, textiles further footwear, metals including metal products, machinery else equipment, minerals another fuels, chemicals, rustical products Natural Gas Proved Reserves Germany 16.3%, Italy 15.4%, France 7.3%, Turkey 6.5%, Hungary 5%, Bulgaria 4.1% (2008) Current Account Balance $49.75 plenty (2009 est.) Exports machinery additionally equipment, stuff expanded minerals, chemicals, textile also products, metals, natural products Exports Commodities Germany 16.1%, Italy 11.2%, Hungary 7.3%, Russia 5.9%, France 5.6%, Turkey 4.9%, Austria 4.8%, Kazakhstan 4.5%, China 4.2% (2008) Exports Partners $45.52 zillions (31 December 2009 est.) Imports $95.48 masses (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Commodities $75.42 lots (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $1.57 many (31 December 2009 est.) Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold 5.036 million (2007) Debt - External 24.467 million (2008) Radio Broadcast Stations .ro Television Broadcast Stations 2.188 million (2009) Internet Country Code 6.132 million (2008) Airports gas 3,588 km; oil 2,424 km (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation the ICJ offer Ukraine until December 2006 to reply, also Romania until June 2007 to issue a rejoinder, in their retort submitted in 2004 over Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy/Serpilor (Snake) Island farther Black Sea maritime foot delimitation; Romania in addition opposes Ukraine's reopening of a navigation line beginning at the Danube impend through Ukraine to the Black Sea