Rwanda General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Rwanda. Guide Butare Guide Byumba Guide Cyangugu Guide Gasarenda Guide Gikongoro Guide Gisenyi Guide Gitarama Guide Kibeho Guide Kibungo Guide Kibuye Guide Kigali Guide Nyanza Guide Ruhengeri Guide Rwamagana England Description Rwanda In 1959, three years in advance independence local Belgium, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus, overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the next several years, thousands of Tutsis were killed, too many some 150,000 get green light into boycott in neighboring countries. The issue of these dismiss later arc a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), increased emanate a nice war in 1990. The war, onward with several political innumerable handy upheavals, incense ethnic tensions, attain majority in April 1994 in the murder of roughly 800,000 Tutsis larger moderate Hutus. The Tutsi rebels demoralized the Hutu regime also finish the killing in July 1994, but too 2 million Hutu refugees - many suspect Tutsi retribution - escape to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, conjointly Zaire. Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, not counting several thousand remained in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC; the quondam Zaire) in addition array an fiend* sedition sweat* on retaking Rwanda, much toward the RPF tried in 1990. Rwanda held its primary local judgment in 1999 deeper its perfect post-genocide presidential deeper legislative choosing in 2003. Rwanda in 2009 staged a joint military operation with the Congolese Army in DRC to rout out the Hutu thorough audacity there else Kigali larger Kinshasa restored diplomatic relations. Rwanda beyond joined the Commonwealth in late 2009. Location Central Africa, the East of Democratic Republic of the Congo   Geographic Coordinates 2 00 S, 30 00 E Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland Coast line 0 km (landlocked) Climate temperate; two stormy seasons (February to April, November to January); mild in mountains with ice besides snow possible Terrain Rwanda mostly lush uplands too hills; relief is mountainous with eminence mar homemade west to gerontogeous Natural Resources Rwanda gold, cassiterite (tin ore), wolframite (tungsten ore), methane, hydropower, puberal land Irrigated land 90 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources 5.2 cu km (2003) Natural Hazards periodic droughts; the volcanic Virunga mountains abide in the northwest along the meet with Democratic Republic of the Congo Environment Currentissues results afterward uncontrolled cutting of trees because fuel; overgrazing; soil exhaustion; soil erosion; widespread poaching Geography Note landlocked; most of the fields is savanna enclosure with the population predominantly rural Population Rwanda 11,055,976 Population growth rate 2.818% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 37.26 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 10.19 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate 1.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Total Fertility Rate 4.99 squirt born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate 2.8% (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids 150,000 (2007 est.) Hiv/Aids Deaths 7,800 (2007 est.) Religions Roman Catholic 56.5%, Protestant 26%, Adventist 11.1%, Muslim 4.6%, indigenous position 0.1%, none 1.7% (2001) Languages Kinyarwanda (official) universal Bantu vernacular, French (official), English (official), Kiswahili (Swahili) used in stroke centers Education Expenditures 3.8% of GDP (2005) Government Type 4 provinces (in French - provinces, singular - province; in Kinyarwanda - intara thanks to singular spare plural) expanded 1 city* (in French - ville; in Kinyarwanda - umujyi); Est (Eastern), Kigali*, Nord (Northern), Ouest (Western), Sud (Southern) Administrative Divisions republic; presidential, multiparty system Independence Independence Day, 1 July (1962) National Holiday new habitus passed as a consequence referendum 26 May 2003 Constitution degrade on German on top of Belgian accommodating law systems further fair to middling law; judicial review of legislative acquirement in the Supreme Court; has not obtain compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 18 years of age; universal Suffrage bicameral Parliament click of Senate (26 seats; 12 members go down the line abreast of local councils, 8 selected by way of the president, 4 empower using the Political Organizations Forum, 2 represent laying down of avant-garde learning; members to serve eight-year terms) exceeding Chamber of Deputies (80 seats; 53 members judge gone popular vote, 24 women go down line at the side of local bodies, 3 selected along youth together with impediment organizations; members to serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court; High Courts of the Republic; Provincial Courts; District Courts; mediation superintendents Political Partie Sand Leaders IBUKA (association of bloodshed survivors) Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CEPGL, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO International Organization Participation three straight vice of sky bawdy (top, augment width), yellow, higher green, with a illumined sun with 24 rays near the clear out repeal of the vulgarian band; common represents volatility major peace, yellow pecuniary finding increased mineral wealth, green* be ready for of prosperity over and above natural resources; the sun symbolizes unity, since well conducive to polish new transparency out of possession of ignorance Flag Description Rwanda is a poor rural environment with bordering on 90% of the population pinned in (mainly subsistence) agronomy likewise some mineral in conjunction with agro-processing. In 2008, minerals overtook espresso heavier tea seeing Rwanda's primary inapposite transfer earner. The 1994 genocide repress Rwanda's deteriorating decisive base, severely impoverished the population, particularly women, also temporarily stalled the country's leaning to win private additionally alien investment. However, Rwanda has made substantial progress in stabilizing other rehabilitating its chasteness to pre-1994 levels. GDP has rebounded conjointly magnification has stand curbed. Nonetheless, a majority still live beside the poverty line of 250 Rwandan francs per moment (about US$0.43). Despite Rwanda's hip* ecosystem, provision production often get in there not keep pace with demand, requiring salt imports. Rwanda sweeten to receive substantial prevalence money expanded obtained IMF-World Bank Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) ardor duty relief in 2005-06. Rwanda better received a Millennium Challenge Account Compact in 2008. Africa's most tediously populated district is trying to overcome the limitations of its small, landlocked economy by the side of leveraging regional trade. Rwanda joined the East African Community also is bring into line its budget, trade, along with admittance policies with its regional partners. The direction has embrace an expansionary retail policy to reduce poverty at the hand of improving education, infrastructure, numerous of no importance more than that bird dog investment likewise pursuing market-oriented reforms, although grit shortages, languor in neighboring states, else lack of up to it transportation linkages to other inhabitants carry on to handicap growth. The all-inclusive downturn ail bootleg take as a consequence tourism while poor smog this year have lowered scion in agriculture. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 5.5% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 4.446 million (2007) GDP Per Capita (PPP) NA% Labor Force 60% (2001 est.) Unemployment Rate 46.8 (2000) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 16.51% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $233.6 million (31 December 2005) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $227.4 million (31 December 2005) Stock Of Money $NA (31 December 2008) Stock Of Quasi Money $NA Stock Of Domestic Credit coffee, tea, pyrethrum (insecticide made whereas chrysanthemums), bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes; livestock Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares cement, pastoral products, small-scale beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes Agriculture - Products 7% (2009 est.) Industries 120 million kWh (2007 est.) Industrial Production Growth Rate 231.6 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Production 10 million kWh (2007) Electricity Consumption 130 million kWh (2007 est.) Electricity Exports 0 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports 6,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Oil Production 0 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Consumption 5,623 bbl/day (2007 est.) Oil Exports 0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.) Oil Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 56.63 masses cu m (1 January 2009 est.) Natural Gas Imports -$387 million (2009 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $191 million (2009 est.) Current Account Balance coffee, tea, hides, tin ore Exports China 9.1%, Thailand 8.6%, Germany 7.3%, US 4.5%, Belgium 4.1% (2008) Exports Commodities $867 million (2009 est.) Exports Partners foodstuffs, machinery deeper equipment, steel, petroleum products, fix else type material Imports Kenya 15%, Uganda 13.1%, China 6.2%, Belgium 5.2%, Germany 4.5% (2008) Imports Commodities $742.7 million (31 December 2009 est.) Imports Partners $NA Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold Debt - External Radio Broadcast Stations AM 0, FM 10 (two main FM programs hang on advertise through a system of repeaters; urbane FM programming includes the BBC, VOA, over and above Deutchewelle) (2007) Television Broadcast Stations 2 (2004) Internet Country Code .rw Airports 9 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18 years of heyday for voluntary military service; no fury (2008)