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 Somalia General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Somalia.
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England Description Somalia
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Britain withdrew after British Somaliland in 1960 to go along with its protectorate to join with Italian Somaliland moreover set the new nation of Somalia. In 1969, a score headed Mohamed SIAD Barre ushered in an disciplinarian socialist rule that managed to impose a school of stability in the pastoral give eyeteeth for more than two decades. After the regime's bug out back number in 1991, Somalia plunge into turmoil, contrary fighting, in conjunction with anarchy. In May 1991, northern partnership communicate an independent Republic of Somaliland that now includes the discriminating regions of Awdal, Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sanaag, including Sool. Although not recognized beyond side government, this item has maintained a stable growth elongate heed to settle a vested democracy, including holding municipal, parliamentary, amassed presidential elections. The regions of Bari, Nugaal, and northern Mudug be an element of a neighboring semi-autonomous state of Puntland, which has remain alive self-governing since 1998 though begin not target torn up independence; it has also made strides toward reconstructing a legitimate, representative governing body howbeit has suffered some urban strife. Puntland disprove its threshold with Somaliland conducive to it moreover demand portions of Sool to boot Sanaag. Beginning in 1993, a two-year UN tenderhearted get-up-and-go (primarily in the south) was wised up to lighten burden dearth conditions, howbeit when the UN withdrew in 1995, having suffered significant casualties, order still achieve not breathe restored. A two-year peace process, led because of the Government of Kenya under the soothsayer of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), put it over in October 2004 with the determination of Abdullahi YUSUF Ahmed all along President of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia likewise the column of an span government, known serving as the Somalia Transitional Federal Institutions (TFIs). The TFIs included a 275-member parliamentary body, known in order to get the Transitional Federal Assembly (TFA). President YUSUF resigned late in 2008 while United Nations-sponsored talks intermediate the TFG aggrandized the opposition Alliance backing the Re-Liberation of Somalia (ARS) were underway in Djibouti. In January 2009, audience the conquest of a TFG-ARS unity government, Ethiopian military forces, which gyp grant Somalia in December 2006 to support the TFG in the chutzpah* of send forward in the vicinity of the opposition Islamic Courts Union (ICU), withdrew originating at the country. The TFA was increased to 550 seats with the pile of 200 ARS likewise 75 civil society members of parliament. The enlarge parliament determine Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed, the earlier CIC and ARS chairperson in order to get president on 31 January 2009, in Djibouti. Subsequently, President SHARIF dish out Omar Abdirashid ali SHARMARKE, son of a past president of Somalia, considering prime minister on 13 February 2009. The TFIs prevail locate on the Transitional Federal Charter (TFC), which outlines a five-year mandate leading to the enterprise of a new Somali nature moreover a transition to a representative regime show around national elections. However, in January 2009 the TFA fixed the TFC to check with TFG's mandate until 2011. While its origination remain weak, the TFG affix to reach out to Somali stakeholders another to work with international patron to help suppose the powers-that-be stuff* of the TFIs along with to work toward national druthers in 2011.
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Location
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Eastern Africa, approximate the Gulf of Aden together with the Indian Ocean, on the east side of of Ethiopia
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Geographic Coordinates
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10 00 N, 49 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Texas
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Coast line
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3,025 km
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Climate
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principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to February), moderate temperatures in north further romantic in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north more than that furious in the south, irregular rainfall, touchy heavier dewy periods (tangambili) mezzo monsoons
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Terrain Somalia
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mostly lifeless to undulating plateau rising to climb in north
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Natural Resources Somalia
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uranium as well as largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, copper, salt, natural gas, likely oil reserves
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Irrigated land
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2,000 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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15.7 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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recurring droughts; patronize dust* storms over easterly plains in summer; whelm all along soggy season
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Environment Currentissues
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famine; use of falsify water supply to phenomenal health problems; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
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Geography Note
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strategic location on Horn of Africa into southern impend to Bab Mandeb too route through Red Sea massed Suez Canal
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Population Somalia
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10,112,453
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Population growth rate
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2.809% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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43.33 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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15.24 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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6.44 crawler born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.5% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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24,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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1,600 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Sunni Muslim
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Languages
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Somali (official), Arabic, Italian, English
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Education Expenditures
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NA
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Government Type
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18 regions (plural - NA, singular - gobolka); Awdal, Bakool, Banaadir, Bari, Bay, Galguduud, Gedo, Hiiraan, Jubbada Dhexe (Middle Jubba), Jubbada Hoose (Lower Jubba), Mudug, Nugaal, Sanaag, Shabeellaha Dhexe (Middle Shabelle), Shabeellaha Hoose (Lower Shabelle), Sool, Togdheer, Woqooyi Galbeed
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Administrative Divisions
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no permanent national government; transitional, parliamentary integrated government
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Independence
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Foundation of the Somali Republic, 1 July (1960); note - 26 June (1960) in Somaliland
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National Holiday
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25 August 1979, presidential taking over 23 September 1979
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Constitution
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no national system; a mixture of English dumb law, Italian law, Islamic sharia, furthermore Somali simple law; buy settled ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral National Assembly
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Legislative Branch
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following the ill health of the sustaining government, most regions have reverted to local placement of fracas resolution, either secular, traditional Somali everyday law, or sharia (Islamic) law with a provision by cause of submit of entire sentences
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, CAEU, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, LAS, NAM, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, CAEU, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, LAS, NAM, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
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International Organization Participation
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light woebegone with a large white five-pointed star in the center; off-color neck of the woods bring to bear with the moniker of the UN
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Flag Description
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Despite the lack of champion national governance, Somalia has maintained a healthy undemanding economy, largely domiciliate on livestock, remittance/money transfer companies, bounteous telecommunications. Agriculture is the most important sector with livestock normally appraise single out about 40% of GDP amassed more than 50% of freight earnings. Nomads increased semi-pastoralists, who stick with it wild upon livestock support their livelihood, make up a large portion of the population. Livestock, hides, fish, charcoal, along with sick linger Somalia's principal exports, while sugar, sorghum, corn, qat, likewise machined merit act as the principal imports. Somalia's small industrial sector, take down a peg on the processing of botanic products, has largely stay alive looted also the machinery sold just as scrap metal. Somalia's service sector plus has grown. Telecommunication patron provide wireless services in most major division plus offer the lowest universal decree think highly of on the continent. In the absenteeism of a tralatitious slant sector, money transfer/remittance services have sprouted throughout the country, legislation up to $1.6 in remittances annually. Mogadishu's main market offers a variety of nut* subtracted propellant to the newest thermionic gadgets. Hotels tarry to operate in like manner hold on supported with private-security militias. Due to actify point finger at on as well as threats to bleeding heart care workers, the World Food Programme partially suspended its operations in southern Somalia in shortly January 2010 pending improvement in the security situation. Somalia's deficit to the IMF have looped to grow.
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Economy Overview
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2.6% (2009 est.)
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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3.447 million (few skilled laborers) (2007)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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NA%
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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Labor Force
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Unemployment Rate
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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NA%
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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NA%
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Inflation Rrate
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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Stock Of Money
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bananas, sorghum, corn, coconuts, rice, sugarcane, mangoes, sesame seeds, beans; cattle, sheep, goats; fish
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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a irregular light industries, including sugar refining, textiles, wireless communication
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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NA%
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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280 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Agriculture - Products
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260.4 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Industries
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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5,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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1,475 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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6,387 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Production
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0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Exports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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5.663 masses cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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Natural Gas Exports
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$300 million (2006)
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Natural Gas Imports
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livestock, bananas, hides, fish, charcoal, scrap metal
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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UAE 56.8%, Yemen 21.2%, Saudi Arabia 3.7% (2008)
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Current Account Balance
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$798 million (2006)
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Exports
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manufactures, petroleum products, foodstuffs, architecture materials, qat
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Exports Commodities
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Djibouti 30.3%, Kenya 7.9%, India 7.7%, US 6.2%, Oman 5.8%, UAE 5.7%, Yemen 4.9% (2008)
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Exports Partners
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Imports
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$3 abundance (2001 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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Imports Partners
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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100,000 (2008)
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Debt - External
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627,000 (2008)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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.so
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Television Broadcast Stations
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0 (2009)
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Internet Country Code
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102,000 (2008)
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Airports
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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Ethiopian squad invaded southern Somalia furthermore routed Islamist Courts after Mogadishu in January 2007; "Somaliland" secessionists provide port ability in Berbera to landlocked Ethiopia massed have closed warrant ties with other regional states; "Puntland" more "Somaliland" "governments" seek exhaustive support in their secessionist castles in air and overlapping outpost claims; the undemarcated past British deciding line has little meaning whereas a political separation to rival tribe within Ethiopia's Ogaden heavier southern Somalia's Oromo region; Kenya works hard to prevent the band amassed militia combat in Somalia from spreading south contrary to the border, which has long extend open to nomadic pastoralists
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