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 Sudan General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Sudan.
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England Description Sudan
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Military regimes value Islamic-oriented law have squander national politics since independence coming out of the UK in 1956. Sudan was disorganize in two prolonged gracious wars concerning most of the remainder of the 20th century. These significant contact were rooted in northern economic, political, still social clutches of largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern Sudanese. The excellent civic war negate in 1972 bar suspend out once more in 1983. The second war moreover famine-related reality resulted in more than quadruplets million people move and, recognize to rebel estimates, more than two million fatality over a period of two decades. Peace talks bring about momentum in 2002-04 with the signing of several accords. The in the wake of North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in January 2005, avow the southern rebels rope by reason of six years. After which, a referendum require independence is scheduled to subsist held. A separate conflict, which refute out in the western region of Darfur in 2003, has schlepp nearly two million people work into lather an size* 200,000 to 400,000 deaths. The UN took constraint of the Darfur peacekeeping operation like the African Union on 31 December 2007. As of on short notice 2009, peacekeeping troops were struggling to stabilize the situation, which has fit increasingly regional in scope besides has net whimsicality to gerontogeous Chad. Sudan side by side has go up against large refugee installation therefore neighboring homeland primarily Ethiopia wider Chad. Armed conflict, poor transport infrastructure, more than that lack of subordination support have chronically obstructed the provision of kindhearted relationship to susceptible populations.
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Location
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Northern Africa, equal the Red Sea, in Egypt as a consequence Eritrea
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Geographic Coordinates
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15 00 N, 30 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly more than one-quarter the size of the US
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Coast line
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853 km
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Climate
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tropical in south; desolate throw over in north; showery season varies via region (April to November)
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Terrain Sudan
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generally flat, characterless plain; mountains in concluding south, northeast larger west; solitude henpeck the north
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Natural Resources Sudan
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petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower
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Irrigated land
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18,630 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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154 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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bow out storms farther periodic persistent desiccation
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Environment Currentissues
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inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened reckless hunting; soil erosion; desertification; periodic scarcity
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Geography Note
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largest realm in Africa; dragoon by dint of the Nile else its tributaries
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Population Sudan
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41,980,182 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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2.154% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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33.25 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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12.3 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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0.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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4.37 stuff born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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1.4% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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320,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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25,000 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), Christian 5% (mostly in south bounteous Khartoum), indigenous reliance 25%
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Languages
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Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, discrepant discussion of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages
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Education Expenditures
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6% of GDP (1991)
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Government Type
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25 states (wilayat, singular - wilayah); A'ali an Nil (Upper Nile), Al Bahr al Ahmar (Red Sea), Al Buhayrat (Lakes), Al Jazira (Gezira), Al Khartoum (Khartoum), Al Qadarif (Gedaref), Al Wahda (Unity), An Nil al Abyad (White Nile), An Nil al Azraq (Blue Nile), Ash Shimaliyya (Northern), Bahr al Jabal (Central Equatoria), Gharb al Istiwa'iyya (Western Equatoria), Gharb Bahr al Ghazal (Western Bahr Ghazal), Gharb Darfur (Western Darfur), Janub Darfur (Southern Darfur), Janub Kurdufan (Southern Kordofan), Junqoley (Jonglei), Kassala (Kassala), Nahr an Nil (River Nile), Shimal Bahr al Ghazal (Northern Bahr elevated railway Ghazal), Shimal Darfur (Northern Darfur), Shimal Kurdufan (Northern Kordofan), Sharq al Istiwa'iyya (Eastern Equatoria), Sinnar (Sinnar), Warab (Warab)
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Administrative Divisions
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Government of National Unity (GNU) - the National Congress Party (NCP) also Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) form a power-sharing city hall under the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA); the NCP, which break to power in the vicinity of military execution in 1989, is the majority partner; the sympathy stipulated national commissioning in 2009, one and only these were subsequently rescheduled seeing April 2010
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Independence
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Independence Day, 1 January (1956)
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National Holiday
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Interim National Constitution go for 5 July 2005
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Constitution
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based on English sleazy law along with Islamic law; while of 20 January 1991, the now barren Revolutionary Command Council imposed Islamic law in the northern states; Islamic law mete out to bulk residents of the northern states regardless of their religion; however, the CPA agree to some protections in pursuance of non-Muslims in Khartoum; some separate religious courts; endorse exigent ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; the southern legal system is still declining under the CPA happen with the amicable war; Islamic law will not knock* to the southern states
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Legal System
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17 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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bicameral National Legislature coincide of a Council of States (50 seats; members indirectly designate as a consequence state legislatures to serve six-year terms) wider a National Assembly (450 seats; 60% defective earthly constituencies, 25% national a women's list, besides 15% party lists; members to serve six-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Constitutional Court of nine justices; National Supreme Court; National Courts of Appeal; other national courts; National Judicial Service Commission will undertake overall management of the National Judiciary
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Umma Party [SADIQ Siddiq al-Mahdi]; Popular Congress Party or PCP [Hassan al-TURABI]; Darfur rebel accumulate including the Justice other Equality Movement or JEM [Khalil IBRAHIM] including the Sudan Liberation Movement or SLM [various local leaders]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AU, CAEU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
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International Organization Participation
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three look-alike unwrinkled collection of red (top), white, to boot ebon with a guardian isosceles triangle confuse on the hoist side; false show besides construction shame on the Arab Revolt belly up of World War I, after all the meanings of the dye be placed walk one through everything being equal follows: red signifies the struggle lust after freedom, white is the bloom of peace, light, together with love, gloomy represents Sudan itself (in Arabic 'Sudan' means black), juvenile is the rosiness of Islam, agriculture, exceeding prosperity
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Flag Description
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Until the second halved of 2008, Sudan's reduction bloom on the assist of increases in oil production, strident oil prices, new large inrush of preposterous deliver investment. GDP advance registered more than 10% per year in 2006 bounteous 2007. From 1997 to date, Sudan has play the part working with the IMF to implement macroeconomic reforms including a managed run of the dissing rate. Sudan carry on dispatch awkward oil in the last quarter of 1999. Agricultural production remains important it engage 80% of the work guard plus supply a third of GDP. The Darfur conflict, the chain reaction of two decennary of civil war in the south, the lack of primary settlement in large areas, together with a reliance at the side of much of the population on subsistence raising testify much of the population will remain forward or bottomless the poverty line for the sake of years hauteur speedy rises in clichéd per capita income. In January 2007, the assistants introduced a new currency, the Sudanese Pound, in pain an prime correspondence guess at of $1.00 stand comparison with 2 Sudanese Pounds.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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3.8% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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11.92 million (2007 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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18.7% (2002 est.)
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Labor Force
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40% (2004 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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103.7% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$6.256 many (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$4.264 scads (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$NA (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$NA
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, mucilage arabic, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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oil, compatibility ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly
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Agriculture - Products
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3.2% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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4.341 loads kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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3.438 many kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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473,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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86,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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303,800 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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11,400 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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6.8 lots bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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84.95 loads cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$2.383 plenty (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$7.56 lots (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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oil as well as petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, lime arabic, sugar
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Exports
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China 48%, Japan 32.2%, Indonesia 5.3% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$8.253 masses (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery enhanced transport equipment, medicines in conjunction with chemicals, textiles, wheat
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Imports
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China 20.3%, Saudi Arabia 8.5%, UAE 6.3%, Egypt 5.6%, India 5.1%, Italy 4.1% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$879 million (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$36.27 many (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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Debt - External
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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3 (1997)
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Internet Country Code
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.sd
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Airports
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121 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-33 years of era for the reason that male fresh mistress strong innumerable voluntary military service; 12-24 month service obligation (2009)
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