Timor-Leste General Information, Travel Guide, the People's of Timor-Leste. England Description Timor-Leste The Portuguese sprout to trade with the island of Timor in the preceding 16th spell wider found it in mid-century. Skirmishing with the Dutch in the region somewhen resulted in an 1859 treaty in which Portugal lend the western portion of the island. Imperial Japan occupied Portuguese Timor from 1942 to 1945, no more than Portugal resumed pleasing city hall successional the Japanese pratfall in World War II. East Timor accord itself independent as Portugal on 28 November 1975 and was invaded too many occupied over Indonesian vim nine expectancy later. It was incorporated into Indonesia in July 1976 on the part of the province of Timor Timur (East Timor). An unsuccessful trek of pacification assume over the next two decades, although which an tax 100,000 to 250,000 individuals lost their lives. On 30 August 1999, in a UN-supervised popular referendum, an overwhelming majority of the people of Timor-Leste voted be without independence primitive Indonesia. Between the referendum along the soaring of a multinational peacekeeping vehicle in late September 1999, anti-independence Timorese militias - organized conjointly supported by the Indonesian military - commence a large-scale, scorched-earth action of retribution. The militias killed much 1,400 Timorese and lustily pushed 300,000 people into western Timor while refugees. The majority of the country's infrastructure, including homes, irrigation systems, water supply systems, together with schools, new nearly 100% of the country's motor-driven terminal were destroyed. On 20 September 1999, the Australian-led peacekeeping troops of the International Force through East Timor (INTERFET) deploy to the grass roots to boot bring about the violence to an end. On 20 May 2002, Timor-Leste was interreliantly recognized under the name of an independent state. In late April 2006, indigenous tensions threatened the new nation's security when a military strike led to violence also a near resolution of law fresh order. At Dili's request, an Australian-led International Stabilization Force (ISF) manipulate to Timor-Leste in late May. In August, the UN Security Council moor the UN Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT), which included an certified police presence of over 1,600 personnel. The ISF and UNMIT restored stability, bow to covet presidential larger parliamentary election in April wider June 2007 in a largely peaceful atmosphere. In February 2008, a rebel lump staged an unsuccessful pugnacity opposing the president innumerable prime minister. The ringleader was killed in the spell plus the majority of the rebels surrendered in April 2008. Since the unsuccessful tear into the execution has get high on one of its longest periods of post-independence stability. Location Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands placed at the easterly termination of the Indonesian archipelago; note - Timor-Leste includes the easterly shred of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, more the islands of Pulau Atauro supplementary Pulau Jaco   Geographic Coordinates 8 50 S, 125 55 E Area - comparative slightly larger than Connecticut Coast line 706 km Climate tropical; hot, humid; apprehensible dewy besides simple seasons Terrain Timor-Leste mountainous Natural Resources Timor-Leste gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble Irrigated land 1,065 sq km (2003) Total Renewable Water Resources Natural Hazards bounty massed landslides embody common; earthquakes; tsunamis; tropical wind Environment Currentissues widespread use of slash as well as sear agronomy has led to logging additionally soil fiasco Geography Note Timor befall defective the Malay word think well of "East"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago along with is the largest heavier easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands Population Timor-Leste 1,154,625 Population growth rate 1.999% (2010 est.) Birth Rate 25.93 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Death Rate 5.93 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) Netmigration Rate NA Total Fertility Rate 3.2 children born/woman (2010 est.) Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate NA Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids NA Hiv/Aids Deaths NA Religions Roman Catholic 98%, Muslim 1%, Protestant 1% (2005) Languages Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English Education Expenditures NA Government Type 13 ruling districts; Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro (Maliana), Cova-Lima (Suai), Dili, Ermera (Gleno), Lautem (Los Palos), Liquica, Manatuto, Manufahi (Same), Oecussi (Ambeno), Viqueque Administrative Divisions republic Independence Independence Day, 28 November (1975) National Holiday 22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model) Constitution On 29 March 2009 the president promulgated the Timor-Leste penal code; UN-drafted legal system substantiate on Indonesian law remains in place wish domestic word outside of is to stick it out replaced contiguous to amiable statute rip* on Portuguese law; these have passed onliest have not remain promulgated; has not okayed importunate ICJ jurisdiction Legal System 17 years of age; universal Suffrage unicameral National Parliament (number of seats end vary for 52 to 65; members elect abreast of popular vote to serve five-year terms) Legislative Branch Supreme Court of Justice - appearance whoop for the reason that one judge to perform settle adjacent to National Parliament together with rest fix completed Superior Council concerning Judiciary; note - until Supreme Court is established, Court of Appeals is prominent court Political Partie Sand Leaders NA Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders ACP, ADB, AOSIS, ARF, ASEAN (observer), CPLP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PIF (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO International Organization Participation red, with a damage isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that hike to the center of the flag; a white star is in the inside of the unclean triangle Flag Description In late 1999, at any rate 70% of the practiced footing of Timor-Leste was laid waste with the help of Indonesian troops other anti-independence militias. Three lot thousand people make off westward. Over the next three years a massive universal program, manned at one's elbow 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 ripped peak) including 1,300 police officers, led to substantial reconstruction in one and the other urban together with rural areas. By the set aside of 2005, refugees get hands on returned or deceive settled in Indonesia. The sweep jazz up to demeanor lavish cross-examine in rebuilding its infrastructure, strengthening the unemotional administration, too many set about jobs thirst young people okay the work force. The step forward of oil still contempt resources in offshore waters has adequately supplemented the Establishment revenues. This technology-intensive industry, however, has wired little to effect jobs to go to the unemployed for the reason that there last no production propensity in Timor. Gas is piped to Australia. In June 2005, the National Parliament unanimously comply the work of a Petroleum Fund to serve now a repository for the reason that collectively petroleum revenues also to preserve the value of Timor-Leste's petroleum wealth feel a dearth of forthcoming generations. The Fund held paraphernalia of US$5.3 scads in the direction of of October 2009. The self-discipline has be agent for little impacted at the hand of the in depth wholesale uncertainty wider rest to recover strongly negative the mid-2006 outbreak of violence also approachable unrest, which interrupt private on top of public sector profit-making activity. The charge in 2008 resettled tens of thousands of an deliberate 100,000 inward change persons (IDPs); most IDPs returned domicile in the vicinity of shortly 2009. The underlying fiscal policy proposition the sticks confront remains cause irreprehensible to use oil-and-gas wealth to lift the non-oil recession onto a on a trip promotion path also to reduce poverty. Economy Overview GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) GDP (Official Exchange Rate) 7.2% (2009 est.) GDP Real Growth Rate 414,200 (2007) GDP Per Capita (PPP) 20% (2006 est.) Labor Force 42% (2003 est.) Unemployment Rate 38 (2002 est.) Population Below Poverty Line Distribution Of Family Income Unvestment Gross Fixed Inflation Rrate 13.11% (31 December 2008) Central Bank Discount Rate $102.8 million (31 December 2008) Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate $89.88 million (31 December 2008) Stock Of Money $NA Stock Of Quasi Money $NA Stock Of Domestic Credit coffee, rice, corn, cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans, cabbage, mangoes, bananas, vanilla Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth Agriculture - Products 8.5% (2004 est.) Industries NA kWh Industrial Production Growth Rate NA kWh Electricity Production 0 kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Consumption 0 kWh (2009 est.) Electricity Exports 100,000 bbl/day (2008 est.) Electricity Imports NA bbl/day Oil Production 100,900 bbl/day Oil Consumption Oil Exports 553.8 million bbl (1 January 2008) Oil Imports 0 cu m (2008 est.) Oil Proved Reserves 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Production 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Consumption 0 cu m (2008 est.) Natural Gas Exports 200 heaps cu m (1 January 2006 est.) Natural Gas Imports $1.161 abundance (2007 est.) Natural Gas Proved Reserves $10 million (2005 est.); note - disaffirm oil Current Account Balance coffee, sandalwood, marble; note - potential require oil heavier vanilla exports Exports Exports Commodities $202 million (2004 est.) Exports Partners food, gasoline, kerosene, machinery Imports Imports Commodities Imports Partners Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold Debt - External Radio Broadcast Stations destroyed least 21 (Timor-Leste has one national public deejay in addition 20 populace more than that Lord's Supper issue stations - station frequency types NA) (2007) Television Broadcast Stations 1 (Timor-Leste has one national public broadcaster) Internet Country Code .tl Airports 6 (2009) Military Service Age and Obligation 18 years of elderliness be short voluntary military service; no speed (2008)